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考前预测短文及对应练习(二)

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admin 发表于 2024-4-8 07:30:00 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

Friendship and Loyalty

When the terrorist attack on September 11th caused people to flee the building, Avremel Zelmanowitz risked his own chance of escape by staying behind with his friend and colleague, Ed Beyea, who was confined to a wheelchair due to a paralysis known as quadriplegia(四肢截瘫). Both men lost their lives, but the story of Avremels love and devotion to his friend conveys a life-giving message to all.

Avremel never married, and he shared a house with his brother and his family. He was a loving uncle to his brothers children, and he was devoted to caring for his aging parents. He was a “family man in every sense of the word. At the same time, he had his own life, his Torah classes, his varied interests, and a job and friends to which he was characteristically devoted.

When the tragedy occurred, Avremel was age 55, and his friend, Ed Beyea, was age 42.Ed became disabled after a diving accident at age 22, but he managed to work 14 years at Blue Cross Blue Shield since his injury. Both he and Avremel were program analysts who worked on the 27th floor of the World Trade Center.

Avremel had joined the office two years after Ed was hired, and the two became very close friends. They both loved books and music - often trading books and tapes, and they both served as the special uncle of their respective families. Like Avremel, Ed had no children of his own, but he was a father figure to his two nephews after their father died. Both friends had a great sense of humor, although Ed was strong and outgoing, while Avremel was the more quiet of the pair.

On the morning of September 11th, Ed wanted to wait until he could be securely carried down by several rescue workers, as it was dangerous for someone with his disability to be moved. Avremel wouldnt allow his friend to wait alone when everyone else was fleeing the building, and he stayed with him.

In the days that followed, the media learned about Avremels selfless act, and the story began to spread. President Bush, in his national prayer address to the American people, referred to Avremels act as one of the many “eloquent(有说服力的)acts of sacrifice that were demonstrated by Americans during this crisis.

 

全文翻译:

友谊和忠诚

9月11日的恐怖袭击导致了人们逃离大楼,Avremel Zelmanowitz 冒着失去逃跑机会的风险留在他的朋友兼同事 Ed Beyea 身边,Ed Beyea 被限制在轮椅上由于被称为四肢瘫痪的麻痹症。两人都失去了生命,但Avremel 对他的朋友的爱和奉献的故事向所有人传达了给予生命的信息。

Avremel从未结过婚,他和他的哥哥及家人合住一所房子。他是他哥哥的孩子们慈爱的叔叔,他悉心照顾年迈的父母。他是个名副其实的“顾家男人”。同时,他有他自己的生活,他参加 Torah 课程,他兴趣广泛,他对工作和朋友都很尽心尽力。

悲剧发生时,Avremel 55岁,他的朋友 Ed Beyea 42岁。Ed在22岁时因一次潜水事故致残,但他受伤后在蓝十字蓝盾公司工作了14 年。他和Avremel都是在世贸中心27层工作的项目分析员。

Ed 入职两年后,Avremel加入了公司,两人成为了非常亲密的朋友。他们都热爱书籍和音乐——经常交换书籍和磁带,他们都是各自家庭的特别叔叔。和 Avremel 一样,Ed 没有自己的孩子,但在两个侄子的父亲去世后,他几乎成了他们的父亲。这两个朋友都很有幽默感,虽然Ed 很强壮,性格外向,而 Avremel 是两人中比较安静的一个。

9月 11 日早上,Ed 想等到几名救援人员能够安全地把他抬下去,因为对他这样的残障人士来说,被转移是很危险的。Avremel 不想他的朋友独自等待当其他人都在逃离大楼时,于是他留下来陪他。

在接下来的几天里,媒体得知了 Avremel 的无私行为,这个故事开始传播开来。布什总统在他向美国人民所做的国家祈祷演讲中,将 Avremel 的行为称为美国人在这场危机中展现的“有说服力力的牺牲行为”。

 

Student Loans

Federal Student Aid is an office of the US Department of Education that provides student loans for education beyond high school. The US government clearly understands the importance of post-secondary education in positively impacting the nation. It therefore ensures that each eligible student in the United States is able to receive financial assistance for higher education.

Although parents can opt for private funding through sources like banks and other financial institutions, the rates of interest can be prohibitively high in most cases. On the other hand, the interest rates of federally funded student loans are much less in comparison. It is therefore imperative that parents take all steps necessary to apply for student loans available through the federal government.

Federal Student Aid is actively involved in educating students and their families on the exact procedure to obtain student loans. Once the applications are received, it processes them by the millions before the start of each academic year. It also pays out billions of dollars through schools to fund the education of students who have applied for financial aid.

The first step in applying for financial aid is to fill and submit the FAFSA or Free Application for Federal Student Aid. The name of the student should be entered exactly the way it is written on the students social security card. The format used is first name, middle initial and last name. Since the analysis bureau will be linking up the FAFSA with the social security number, the names should match precisely for the application to be approved. A mismatch in the names could result in the application being sent back for correction. This would cause a delay and end up pushing the applicant to the back of the line. Since most financial aid is provided on a first-come-first-served basis, it is important to be at the head of the line. Even a minor error on the FAFSA can result in a loss of thousands of dollars in financial aid.

Therefore, it is important that families have all the proper income and tax records ready before applying for financial aid. This will help avoid submitting inconsistent, incomplete or mistaken information while filling out the FAFSA forms.

The CSS PROFILE is the FAFSA equivalent that is most often required for aid through private universities. It could be a little more complicated than filling out the FAFSA form.Going through the entire process with the help of a certified college planner would be a good idea.

No matter what their credit rating, parents should still submit their applications for financial aid.Learning about the different options available to them is the first step in the process.Doing it right will enhance their chances of getting student loans for their childrens higher education.

 

全文翻译:

学生贷款

联邦学生援助办公室是美国教育部的一个办公室,为高中以后的教育提供学生贷款。美政府清楚地认识到高等教育对国家产生积极影响的重要性。因此,它确保每个符合条件的美学生都能获得高等教育的财政援助。

尽管家长可以选择通过银行和其他金融机构等渠道获得私人资金,但在大多数情况下,利率可能高得令人望而却步。另一方面,相比之下,联邦政府资助的学生贷款的利率要低得多。因此,父母必须采取一切必要措施,通过联邦政府申请学生贷款。

联邦学生援助办公室积极参与教育学生及其家庭获得学生贷款的具体程序。一旦收到申请.它会在每个学年开始前处理数百万份申请。它还通过学校支付数十亿美元,资助申请经济援助的学生的教育。

申请经济援助的第一步是填写并提交 FAFSA(联邦学生资助的免费申请)。学生的名字应该按照写在学生社保卡上的方式输入。使用的格式是“first name”“middle initial”和“last name”由于分析局将把 FAFSA 与社会保险号码联系起来,所以为了使申请获得批准,姓名应该精确匹配。名称不匹配可能会导致将申请被发回更正。这将导致时间延迟,并最终将申请人推到队伍的后面。由于大多数经济援助是在先到先得的基础上提供的,所以处于队伍前面是很重要的。即使是 FAFSA上的一个小错误也会导致数千美元的经济援助损失。

因此,在申请经济援助前,家庭必须准备好所有适当的收入和税务记录。这将有助于避免在填写 FAFSA 表格时提交不一致、不完整或错误的信息。

CSS 文件是 FAFSA 的等效物,是通过私立大学的申请援助通常所需要的。这可能比填写FAFSA 表格要复杂一点。在注册大学规划师的帮助下完成整个程序是个不错的主意。

无论他们的信用等级如何,父母仍应该提交他们的经济援助申请。了解可供他们选择的不同选项是这个过程的第一步。正确的做法将增加他们为孩子的高等教育获得学生贷款的机会。

 

Why Lack of Sleep Could Be Making You Fatter

Sleepless nights dont just ruin your mood the next day - they could also damage your waistline. According to new research in the August issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, sleep deprivation can cause people to pack on extra pounds.

Researchers at the New York Obesity Nutrition Research Centre at St.Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital found that sleep-deprived people seem to burn the same number of calories as the well- rested, but they consume about 300 more calories a day. Given that it takes just 3,500 calories to add a pound to your body, those calories can quickly turn into extra weight.

But there are several other reasons that sleep loss could lead to weight gain, says sleep disorder specialist Michael Breus. When we get too little shut-eye, our metabolism(新陈代谢) slows down to conserve energy. That slowdown triggers the release of the hormone cortisol (荷尔蒙皮质醇),which increases appetite. Your body thinks it needs more energy, so it asks for more food.

In a vicious cycle, sleep loss also causes our bodies to release more ghrelin, another hormone that signals hunger, and less leptin, the hormone that tells your stomach that its full. With your hormones no longer working in the normal way, your body wants more food and lacks the sensitivity to know when to stop eating. Not to mention that being awake more hours gives you more time to snack.

“The later youre up at night, the greater the likelihood that youre going to eat,”Breus says, and “youre more likely to eat high-fat, high - carb foods.”

One other contributing factor to such weight gain is that the body burns the most calories during REM sleep, a deeply restful phase. Less sleep means less time in REM.

For optimal health, experts say you should try to get 7.5 hours of sleep a night. If you have trouble sleeping, stick to a nightly routine, exercise during the day, banish worries to a journal, and keep pre - bedtime activities relaxing.

 

全文翻译

为什么缺乏睡眠会让你变胖

不眠之夜不仅会毁了你第二天的心情,还会损害你的腰围。根据8月份《美国临床营养学杂志》一项新研究,睡眠不足会使人增重。

圣卢克-罗斯福医院的纽约肥胖营养研究中心的研究人员发现,睡眠不足的人燃烧的热量似乎与休息良好的人相同,但他们每天摄入的热量要多 300 多卡路里。考虑到增加一磅体重只需要 3500 卡路里,这些卡路里会很快转化为额外的体重。

睡眠障碍专家迈克尔·布鲁斯说,睡眠不足可能导致体重增加还有其他几个原因。当我们睡眠太少,我们的新陈代谢减缓以节约能量。这种减缓会触发释放荷尔蒙皮质醇,从而增加食欲。你的身体认为它需要更多的能量,所以它需要更多的食物。

在一个恶性循环中,睡眠不足还会导致我们的身体释放更多的饥饿荷尔蒙(另一种表示饥饿的荷尔蒙)和更少的瘦素(一种告诉你的胃已经饱了的荷尔蒙)。当你的荷尔蒙不再以正常的方式工作时,你的身体需要更多的食物,并且缺乏知道何时停止进食的敏感度。更不用说,清醒的时间越长,你就有越多的时间吃零食。

“你晚上睡得越晚,你就越有可能吃东西,”布劳斯说,“而且你更有可能吃高脂肪、高碳水化合物的食物。”

导致体重增加的另一个因素是,身体在快速眼动睡眠(REM)阶段燃烧的卡路里最多,这是一个深度休息的阶段。较少的睡眠意味着较少的快速眼动时间。

专家说,为了达到最佳健康状态,你应该每晚睡 7.5 小时。如果你有睡眠问题,坚持每晚的常规,白天锻炼,把烦恼写进日记,要保持睡前活动是令人放松的。



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