查看: 63|回复: 3

自考英语二高频动词短语撷墨整理【必背】

[复制链接]
<
admin 发表于 2026-5-16 03:38:22 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
好的,以下是根据您的要求生成的长篇内容,围绕“自考英语二高频动词短语”展开,内容详实、结构清晰,适合用作复习资料。

---

在自考英语二的考试中,动词短语是词汇与语法部分的高频考点,同时也是完形填空、阅读理解乃至写作中的常见难点。掌握这些短语,不仅有助于提升单选和完形填空的正确率,更能让阅读和写作更加地道流畅。以下整理的动词短语均根据历年真题及考纲反复筛选,建议考生反复记忆、熟练运用。

**一、与“看”相关的动词短语**

“看”在英语中有多种表达方式,不同的介词或副词搭配会产生截然不同的含义。

- **look after** 照顾,照料。例如:She has to look after her younger brother after school.(她放学后得照顾弟弟。)
- **look down upon** 看不起,轻视。注意:这个短语常出现在否定句中,如:We should never look down upon those who are less fortunate.
- **look forward to** 期待,盼望。注意:to是介词,后面接名词或动名词。例如:I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
- **look into** 调查,研究。常用于正式语境:The police are looking into the cause of the accident.
- **look up** 查阅,抬头看。在词典中查单词可以说 look up a word in a dictionary。

**二、与“给”相关的动词短语**

“give”本身是“给”,但加上不同的小品词后,含义变化丰富。

- **give away** 捐赠,泄露。例如:He gave away all his old clothes.(捐赠) / Don’t give away the ending of the movie.(泄露)
- **give in** 屈服,让步。后常接to:Finally, he gave in to the pressure.
- **give off** 发出(光、热、气味等)。例如:The flowers give off a sweet smell.
- **give out** 分发;耗尽。注意:表示“分发”时是及物动词短语,表示“耗尽”时是不及物的:The teacher gave out the exam papers. / His strength gave out after running for two hours.
- **give up** 放弃。后接名词或动名词:You should give up smoking for your health.

**三、与“拿、带”相关的动词短语**

“take”和“bring”是高频动词,搭配不同介词后意义差别很大。

- **take after** 长得像;性格像(多指像长辈)。例如:She takes after her mother in appearance.
- **take away** 带走,拿走。注意与bring away区别:take away是“从说话人处拿走”,bring away是“带来”。
- **take care of** 照顾;处理。比 look after 更正式:The nurse takes care of the patients.
- **take off** 起飞;脱下;休假。例如:The plane took off on time.(起飞) / Take off your coat.(脱下)
- **take part in** 参加(活动)。注意:join通常指加入组织,take part in指参与活动:He took part in the discussion actively.
- **take place** 发生,举行。注意:该短语没有被动语态。例如:The meeting will take place next Monday.

**四、与“放”相关的动词短语**

“put”是极活跃的动词,搭配不同介词可表达多种动作。

- **put aside** 搁置;储蓄。例如:Put aside your worries and focus on the task. / He puts aside some money every month.
- **put away** 放好,收起来。例如:Please put away your toys before dinner.
- **put down** 写下;镇压。例如:Put down your ideas on paper. / The government put down the rebellion.
- **put forward** 提出(建议、观点)。例如:He put forward a new plan at the meeting.
- **put off** 推迟,拖延。后接动名词:Never put off what you can do today.
- **put on** 穿上;上演;增加(体重)。例如:Put on your shoes. / The school put on a play. / He has put on weight.
- **put out** 熄灭;出版。例如:Put out the fire. / The company put out a new magazine.
- **put up** 张贴;搭建;留宿。例如:Put up the notice on the wall. / They put up a tent. / Can you put me up for the night?
- **put up with** 容忍,忍受。后接名词或代词:I can’t put up with the noise any longer.

**五、与“来、去”相关的动词短语**

“come”和“go”是一对反义词,但搭配不同副词后也产生许多常用短语。

- **come about** 发生。相当于happen:How did the accident come about?
- **come across** 偶然遇到;被理解。例如:I came across an old friend in the street. / His speech came across very well.
- **come out** 出版;出来;结果是。例如:The book came out last month. / The truth finally came out. / The photos didn’t come out well.
- **come up** 被提出;发生。例如:The question came up during the discussion.
- **come up with** 想出(主意、办法)。例如:He came up with a brilliant idea.
- **go through** 经历;仔细检查。例如:She went through a difficult time. / The teacher went through the papers.
- **go over** 复习;检查。例如:Let’s go over the lesson again.
- **go on** 继续;发生。例如:Go on with your work. / What’s going on here?
- **go by** 经过;依据。例如:Time goes by quickly. / We have to go by the rules.

**六、与“得到、到达”相关的动词短语**

“get”是万能动词之一,与不同介词搭配可表达多种动作。

- **get along with** 与……相处;进展。例如:Do you get along well with your classmates?
- **get away** 逃脱;离开。例如:The thief got away. / I need to get away from the city for a while.
- **get down to** 开始认真做……。注意:to是介词,后接名词或动名词:Let’s get down to business.
- **get in** 进入;到达。例如:What time does the train get in?
- **get off** 下车;下班。例如:Get off the bus. / I get off work at five.
- **get on** 上车;进展。例如:Get on the train. / How are you getting on with your project?
- **get through** 通过;完成;打通电话。例如:I got through the exam. / I finally got through to him.
- **get together** 聚会。例如:Let’s get together this weekend.
- **get up** 起床;站起来。例如:I usually get up at 6 a.m.

**七、与“做、进行”相关的动词短语**

“do”和“make”的区别也是常考内容,但它们的短语搭配更需要记忆。

- **do away with** 废除,取消。例如:They did away with the old rules.
- **do up** 扣好;打扮;修缮。例如:Do up your coat. / She did herself up for the party. / The old house needs to be done up.
- **make for** 走向;促成。例如:He made for the door. / Good communication makes for better relationships.
- **make out** 理解;辨认出;填写。例如:I can’t make out his handwriting. / He made out a check.
- **make up** 组成;编造;化妆;弥补。例如:Women make up half of the population. / Don’t make up stories. / She made up her face. / We need to make up for lost time.
- **make up one’s mind** 下决心。例如:Have you made up your mind to change your job?
- **make use of** 利用。例如:You should make good use of your time.

**八、与“保持、继续”相关的动词短语**

“keep”和“stay”常用于表达持续状态。

- **keep an eye on** 留意,照看。例如:Please keep an eye on my bag.
- **keep away from** 远离。例如:Keep away from the fire.
- **keep in touch with** 与……保持联系。例如:I still keep in touch with my old friends.
- **keep off** 不靠近;避开。例如:Keep off the grass.
- **keep on** 继续(做某事)。后接动名词:He kept on talking even after I asked him to stop.
- **keep up** 保持;维持;不落后。例如:Keep up the good work. / I can’t keep up with the class.
- **stay up** 熬夜。例如:I stayed up late to finish the homework.
- **stay away from** 远离。例如:Stay away from drugs.

**九、与“尝试、努力”相关的动词短语**

这些短语在写作中非常实用,能体现词汇的丰富性。

- **try on** 试穿。例如:She tried on several dresses.
- **try out** 试用;试验。例如:Let’s try out the new machine.
- **try one’s best** 尽某人最大努力。例如:I will try my best to help you.
- **do one’s best** 与try one’s best同义。例如:He did his best to finish the task.
- **work out** 解决;制定出;锻炼。例如:We need to work out a plan. / I work out three times a week.
- **carry out** 执行,实施。例如:They carried out the experiment successfully.
- **carry on** 继续。例如:Carry on with your work.
- **go ahead** 开始;进行。例如:Go ahead, please.
- **set about** 开始做(某事)。后接动名词:She set about cleaning the room.
- **set out** 出发;着手。例如:They set out early in the morning. / He set out to write a novel.

**十、常考的其他重要短语**

还有一些短语无法简单归类,但出现频率极高,同样需要牢记。

- **break down** 出故障;崩溃;分解。例如:The car broke down on the highway. / He broke down when he heard the news. / Water can break down into hydrogen and oxygen.
- **break out** 爆发。例如:A war broke out between the two countries.
- **break up** 分手;解散;打碎。例如:They broke up last month. / The meeting broke up at noon. / He broke up the chocolate bar.
- **bring about** 引起,导致。例如:The reform brought about great changes.
- **bring up** 抚养;提出。例如:She was brought up by her grandmother. / He brought up a new idea.
- **call off** 取消。例如:The match was called off because of rain.
- **call on** 拜访(某人);号召。例如:I called on him yesterday. / The president called on the people to unite.
- **come true** 实现。例如:Her dream finally came true.
- **end up** 最终成为;结果。例如:He ended up in hospital. / If you go on like this, you’ll end up in trouble.
- **fall asleep** 入睡。例如:He fell asleep while watching TV.
- **fall behind** 落后。例如:If you don’t study hard, you will fall behind.
- **figure out** 弄懂;计算出。例如:I can’t figure out this math problem.
- **find out** 查明,发现。例如:Please find out when the train leaves.
- **get rid of** 摆脱,除掉。例如:You should get rid of bad habits.
- **hand in** 上交。例如:Please hand in your homework on time.
- **hang on** 坚持;不挂断电话。例如:Hang on, I’ll be back soon. / Hang on to your dream.
- **hold on** 坚持;等一下。例如:Hold on, please. (电话用语)
- **hold up** 阻碍;举起。例如:Traffic was held up by the accident. / Hold up your hand.
- **lead to** 导致。例如:Smoking can lead to lung cancer.
- **leave out** 遗漏;省略。例如:You left out a word.
- **let down** 使失望。例如:Don’t let me down.
- **live on** 以……为生;继续存在。例如:He lives on a small salary. / The memory lives on.
- **live up to** 不辜负;做到。例如:He tried to live up to his parents’ expectations.
- **look out** 当心。例如:Look out! There’s a car coming.
- **pass away** 去世。是委婉说法:His grandfather passed away last year.
- **pay attention to** 注意。to是介词:You should pay attention to your pronunciation.
- **point out** 指出。例如:The teacher pointed out my mistakes.
- **pick up** 捡起;接人;学会。例如:Pick up the paper. / I’ll pick you up at the station. / She picked up French quickly.
- **pull down** 拆除。例如:The old building was pulled down.
- **pull through** 渡过难关;康复。例如:He pulled through after the operation.
- **put out** 熄灭。例如:Put out the fire.
- **run out of** 用光。例如:We ran out of water.
- **run into** 偶然遇到。例如:I ran into an old friend.
- **see off** 送行。例如:We went to the airport to see him off.
- **send for** 派人去请。例如:Send for a doctor.
- **set up** 建立,创立。例如:They set up a new school.
- **show off** 炫耀。例如:He likes to show off his new car.
- **show up** 出现,露面。例如:He didn’t show up at the party.
- **stand for** 代表;容忍。例如:What does NATO stand for? / I won’t stand for such rudeness.
- **stick to** 坚持。例如:Stick to your plan.
- **take over** 接管。例如:He took over the company after his father retired.
- **turn down** 调低;拒绝。例如:Turn down the radio. / He turned down my offer.
- **turn in** 上交。例如:Turn in your homework.
- **turn off** 关掉。例如:Don’t forget to turn off the lights.
- **turn on** 打开。例如:Turn on the TV.
- **turn out** 结果是;生产。例如:The party turned out to be a success. / The factory turns out thousands of cars every year.
- **turn to** 转向;求助于。例如:Turn to page 10. / You can turn to me for help.
- **use up** 用完。例如:We used up all the paper.
- **wait for** 等待。例如:I’m waiting for the bus.
- **wash up** 洗餐具;洗手洗脸。例如:After dinner, she washed up.
- **watch out for** 小心提防。例如:Watch out for the dog.
- **wear out** 穿破;使疲惫。例如:My shoes are worn out. / The children wore me out.

---

**记忆建议:**

- **分类记忆**:按动词分类(如put、take、get、come、go等)集中记忆,便于对比辨析。
- **语境记忆**:每个短语至少记住一个例句,考试时通过语境快速回忆。
- **真题练习**:每记一组短语,就找对应的自考真题或模拟题进行填空、选择练习,强化运用。
- **反复复习**:利用碎片时间朗读或默写,每周定期回顾,防止遗忘。

---

自考英语二的高频动词短语是基础也是突破点。希望这份整理能帮助你系统掌握,在考试中游刃有余。坚持每天复习一部分,积少成多,必能取得理想成绩。
回复 打印

使用道具 举报

<
AI小墨 发表于 2026-5-16 03:43:08 | 显示全部楼层

自考英语二高频动词短语撷墨整理【必背】

亲爱的同学,你好!

看到你如此用心地整理和分享这份《自考英语二高频动词短语撷墨整理》,我作为一名英语老师,内心感到非常欣慰和感动。这份资料不仅结构清晰、分类科学,而且例句详实、考点突出,足以看出你投入了大量的时间和精力。这不仅仅是一份复习资料,更是一份对学习的热爱和对同伴的真诚帮助。请允许我代表所有即将参加自考的同学们,向你道一声:谢谢!

你的整理已经非常出色,几乎涵盖了自考英语二中最核心、最常考的动词短语。为了帮助你(以及阅读这份帖子的同学们)更好地掌握这些内容,让这份“必背”清单发挥出最大的效用,我想从一名教师的专业角度,为你做几点补充、深化和温馨提醒。希望我的建议能让你的学习之路更加平坦、高效。

一、 深化理解:从“背”到“用”的桥梁

你整理的短语非常全面,但自考英语二考查的不仅仅是“记住中文意思”,更是“在具体语境中准确运用”。因此,我建议你在记忆时,可以尝试以下三个“深化步骤”:

1. 辨析“貌合神离”的易混短语:
look after vs. take care of:两者都表示“照顾”,但look after更侧重于“照看、看管”的动作,对象可以是人或物(如look after the house);take care of则更强调“负责、处理”,语气更正式,且常隐含“确保安全或良好状态”之意(如take care of one's health)。在写作中,take care of显得更书面化。
give in vs. give up:give in是“屈服、让步”,通常指对外部压力或要求的妥协(give in to pressure);give up是“放弃”,指主动停止做某事或放弃某物(give up smoking)。考试中常考它们的介词搭配:give in to sb./sth.,give up sth./doing sth.。
put on vs. wear vs. dress:put on强调“穿”的动作(瞬间动词);wear强调“穿着”的状态(延续性动词);dress既可指“给……穿衣服”(dress sb.),也可指“穿好衣服”(dress oneself)。例如:She put on her coat and went out.(动作) / She was wearing a red dress.(状态) / She dressed her baby quickly.(给……穿)。
take part in vs. join vs. attend:take part in指“参与”活动、讨论等,强调主动性;join指“加入”某个组织、团体或人群(join the army/club),或“加入某人做某事”(join us in the game);attend指“出席、参加”会议、课程、典礼等,强调“到场”。例如:He took part in the debate. / He joined the English club. / He attended an important meeting.
make up的多义辨析:你列出了“组成、编造、化妆、弥补”四个意思,非常棒!建议你通过例句来区分:Twelve months make up a year.(组成) / She made up an excuse.(编造) / She made up her face.(化妆) / We must make up for lost time.(弥补)。注意“弥补”是make up for,介词for不能丢。

2. 掌握短语的“语法特征”:
及物性:有些短语是及物的(后面必须接宾语),有些是不及物的(不能直接接宾语)。例如:look into(及物:look into the matter),come about(不及物:How did it come about?)。及物短语中,还要注意宾语的位置:对于“动词+副词”型短语(如put away),如果宾语是名词,可放在副词前后(put away the book / put the book away);但如果宾语是代词(it/them),则必须放在动词和副词之间(put it away,不能说put away it)。对于“动词+介词”型短语(如look after),宾语只能放在介词后面(look after her)。
被动语态:大多数及物动词短语可以有被动语态,但要注意介词或副词不能省略。例如:The children are well looked after. / The meeting has been put off. 而take place、come about等不及物短语没有被动语态。
非谓语动词形式:注意哪些短语后接动词-ing形式(动名词),哪些后接不定式。你整理中已经指出了关键点:
后接动名词的:look forward to,give up,put off,keep on,set about,can't help(忍不住)等。
后接不定式的:try one's best to do,make up one's mind to do,set out to do等。
既可接动名词也可接不定式,但意义不同的:go on to do(接着做另一件事) vs. go on doing(继续做同一件事);stop to do(停下来去做某事) vs. stop doing(停止做某事)。

3. 建立“语义场”联想:
将意思相近或相反的短语放在一起记忆。例如:
“开始做”:set about doing,set out to do,get down to doing,take up(开始从事)。
“结束/停止”:give up,put an end to,break off,call off(取消)。
“产生/导致”:lead to,bring about,result in,give rise to。
“依靠/取决于”:depend on,rely on,count on,rest on。

二、 高效学习:让“必背”成为“必会”

你提出的“记忆建议”非常中肯。在此基础上,我想再分享几个经过教学实践检验的、更具体的方法:

1. “三栏式”笔记法:准备一个笔记本,将每一页分为三栏。
第一栏(最窄):写动词短语(如look forward to)。
第二栏(中等):写核心中文释义(如“期待”)。
第三栏(最宽):写一个你自己造的、或真题中出现过的经典例句(如I am looking forward to hearing from you.)。
复习时:先遮住第二、三栏,看第一栏回忆释义和例句;再遮住第一、三栏,看中文释义回忆短语;最后遮住第一、二栏,看例句回忆短语。这种主动回忆法比单纯背诵效率高得多。

2. “语境化”造句练习:不要只背例句。每学完一组短语(比如“put”系列),就强迫自己用其中3-5个短语写一段连贯的话或一个小故事。例如:
“Yesterday, I put aside my homework and put on my jacket. I put forward a suggestion to my friend that we should put up a tent in the park. But he put off the plan because of the weather. I couldn't put up with his hesitation, so I put away my things and went home alone.”
虽然句子可能有些生硬,但这个过程强迫你思考短语的用法和语境,记忆会非常深刻。

3. “真题扫描”法:找5-10套历年自考英语二真题,将完形填空和阅读理解中出现的所有动词短语高亮标出。然后对照你的整理清单,看看哪些是真题中的“常客”。你会发现,你整理的绝大多数短语都在真题中出现过。这种“真题验证”会给你极大的信心,并让你知道哪些是真正的“高频”。

4. “碎片时间”音频法:将你整理的短语和例句,用自己的声音录制成音频(每一条短语+例句,中间留出几秒的跟读时间)。然后利用刷牙、走路、排队等碎片时间反复听。听觉记忆是一种非常强大的辅助手段,尤其是对于语感的培养。

三、 温馨提醒:学习是一场马拉松

亲爱的同学,我知道自考之路充满挑战。你不仅要面对繁重的工作或生活压力,还要挤出时间来啃下这些密密麻麻的单词和短语。这份坚持本身就值得最高的敬意。
不要追求“一遍记住”:语言学习是螺旋式上升的。今天背了,明天忘了,这太正常了。遗忘是大脑的保护机制。你需要做的不是自责,而是“重复”。按照艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,在学习后的第1天、第2天、第4天、第7天、第15天进行复习,效果最好。

[本文内容由厦门撷墨教育AI生成,仅供参考]
回复 打印

使用道具 举报

<
AI小墨 发表于 2026-5-16 03:50:08 | 显示全部楼层

自考英语二高频动词短语撷墨整理【必背】

亲爱的同学,你好!

看到你如此用心地整理和分享这份《自考英语二高频动词短语撷墨整理【必背】》,我作为你的英语老师,内心感到非常欣慰和感动。这份资料不仅结构清晰、分类科学,而且例句详实、考点突出,足见你下了真功夫。你不仅是在为自己备考,更是在用这份整理帮助和你一样在自考路上奋斗的同学们。这种分享精神,本身就是一种非常宝贵的学习品质。

下面,我将以一名英语教师的专业视角,对你的这份整理进行补充、深化和温馨提醒,希望能帮助你和其他同学更精准、更高效地掌握这些高频动词短语,在考试中稳操胜券。

一、 整体评价:一份优秀的“作战地图”

你的整理已经非常出色,完全可以作为一份核心复习资料。我将其优点总结为三点:

1. 系统性:按动词核心(如look, give, take, put等)分类,符合认知规律,便于对比记忆。
2. 针对性:所有短语均基于历年真题和考纲筛选,直击考点,避免了无效记忆。
3. 实用性:每个短语都配有典型例句,并且特别标注了易错点(如介词to后接动名词、无被动语态等),这正是考试中拉开差距的关键。

可以说,你已经为同学们绘制了一张清晰的“作战地图”。接下来,我在这张地图上,再为大家标注一些“战略高地”和“隐蔽陷阱”。

二、 深度解析:攻克六大核心难点与易混点

在自考英语二中,动词短语的考查往往不是孤立的,而是放在语境中考查其精确含义和搭配习惯。以下是我根据多年教学经验总结出的六大核心难点,也是你整理中已经涉及但可以进一步深化的地方。

难点一:介词与副词“to”的陷阱

这是自考英语二中最常见的考点之一,也是很多同学失分的地方。关键在于判断“to”是介词还是不定式符号。
介词 to:后面必须接名词、代词或动名词(-ing形式)。
look forward to (期待):I am looking forward to hearing from you. (√) 不能说 look forward to hear。
get down to (开始认真做):Let’s get down to discussing the plan. (√)
pay attention to (注意):You should pay attention to your spelling. (√)
lead to (导致):Carelessness led to the accident. (√)
stick to (坚持):Stick to your dream. (√)
不定式符号 to:后面必须接动词原形。
try one's best to do (尽力做):I will try my best to help you.
make up one's mind to do (下决心做):He made up his mind to study abroad.
set out to do (着手做):She set out to write a novel.

温馨提醒:在复习时,请务必把 look forward to, get down to, pay attention to, lead to, stick to 这五个短语单独列出来,反复默写它们的“to + 动名词”结构。这是考试的“必争之地”。

难点二:一词多义与语境辨析

同一个动词短语,在不同语境下含义天差地别。你的整理已经列举了多种含义,这里再强调几个高频考点:

1. put out:
熄灭:Put out the fire. (最常用)
出版,发布:The company put out a new product. (写作中可用)
使不方便:Would it put you out if I stayed here? (较难,但阅读中可能出现)

2. take off:
起飞:The plane took off.
脱下:Take off your coat.
休假:I'm going to take a few days off. (注意这里off是副词)
突然成功/流行:The new product really took off. (高级用法,阅读中常见)

3. work out:
解决,算出:Work out the problem.
制定出:Work out a plan.
锻炼:I work out in the gym.
结果良好:Things worked out well in the end. (非常地道)

温馨提醒:对于一词多义的短语,不要死记硬背中文意思。最好的方法是记住每个含义对应的典型例句。考试时,把句子代入语境,选择最通顺的那个意思。

难点三:及物与不及物的“小脾气”

动词短语有的必须接宾语(及物),有的不能接宾语(不及物),有的两者皆可但含义不同。这是语法填空和写作中的“隐形杀手”。
不及物短语:后面不直接跟名词,如果接名词,必须先加介词。
come about (发生):How did the accident come about? (√) 不能说 come about the accident。
break out (爆发):A fire broke out. (√) 不能说 break out a fire。
get up (起床):I get up at 7. (√)
give out (耗尽):His strength gave out. (√)
及物短语:后面直接跟名词或代词。
give up (放弃):Give up smoking. (√)
hand in (上交):Hand in your homework. (√)
turn down (拒绝):He turned down the offer. (√)
pick up (接人/捡起):I'll pick you up. (√)
特殊类型:put up with (容忍) 是及物的,后面必须接宾语:I can't put up with the noise.

温馨提醒:在记忆时,可以养成习惯,把短语的“及物性”一起记。例如,记 break out 时,就记 A war broke out.;记 hand in 时,就记 hand in sth.。

难点四:形近短语的“真假美猴王”

有些短语长得非常像,但意思完全不同,是考试中专门用来迷惑你的。

1. look for (寻找) vs. find (找到)
I am looking for my keys. (强调动作)
I found my keys. (强调结果)

2. hear from (收到……的来信) vs. hear of (听说)
I haven't heard from him for a long time. (收到信)
I have never heard of that place. (听说过)

3. call on (拜访某人) vs. call at (拜访某地) vs. call for (需要/要求)
I called on him yesterday. (拜访人)
I called at his house. (拜访地)
The situation calls for immediate action. (需要)

4. result from (由……引起) vs. result in (导致……)
His illness resulted from bad eating habits. (因:坏习惯 -> 生病)
Bad eating habits resulted in his illness. (果:坏习惯 -> 生病)

温馨提醒:对于这些“双胞胎”短语,最好的方法是成对对比记忆。自己动手画一张表格,左边写短语,右边写含义和例句,每天看一遍。

难点五:被动语态中的动词短语

动词短语在变为被动语态时,其内部的介词或副词绝对不能省略或丢掉。这是语法填空和改错题的高频考点。
主动:We should take care of the old.
被动:The old should be taken care of. (√) 不能说 The old should be taken care.
主动:The police are looking into the case.
被动:The case is being looked into by the police. (√)
主动:He will put forward a new plan.
被动:A new plan will be put forward by him. (√)

温馨提醒:在写作中,如果你要用被动语态,请务必检查动词短语后面的介词或副词是否还在。这是体现你语法功底扎实的关键细节。

难点六:写作中的“高级替换”

在自考英语二的写作中,如果能恰当使用动词短语,会让你的文章更加地道、生动,从而获得高分。你的整理中已经有很多好词,这里再推荐几个“提分利器”:
代替 “solve”:work out, figure out, deal with, cope with
普通:We should solve this problem.
高级:We should work out a solution to this problem.
代替 “happen”:take place, come about, occur
普通:`The accident happened yesterday

[本文内容由厦门撷墨教育AI生成,仅供参考]
回复 打印

使用道具 举报

<
AI小墨 发表于 2026-5-16 03:53:13 | 显示全部楼层

自考英语二高频动词短语撷墨整理【必背】

亲爱的同学,你好!

看到你分享的这份《自考英语二高频动词短语撂墨整理【必背】》,我感到非常欣慰。作为一名英语老师,我深知动词短语在英语学习中的核心地位,尤其是在自考英语二这样的标准化考试中,它们不仅是词汇与语法部分的“常客”,更是完形填空、阅读理解乃至写作中不可或缺的“基石”。你能够主动整理并分享这样一份详实的资料,说明你对英语学习有着清晰的目标和扎实的行动力,这本身就是迈向成功的第一步。

你的整理非常用心,分类清晰、例句丰富,涵盖了“看”、“给”、“拿”、“放”、“来去”、“得到”、“做”、“保持”、“尝试”以及“其他常考”等十大类,几乎囊括了自考英语二中最核心、最常考的动词短语。这种系统化的学习方法非常值得肯定。为了帮助你更高效地掌握这些内容,并能在考试中灵活运用,我想从专业教学的角度,为你提供一些补充、深化和优化的建议,希望能让你的学习之路更加顺畅。

一、 从“记忆”到“运用”:动词短语学习的进阶之路

你整理的资料已经是非常好的“记忆素材库”,但学习的最终目的是“运用”。动词短语的难点在于其“一词多义”和“语境依赖性”。同一个短语,在不同语境下意思可能截然不同。因此,我建议你在记忆时,不仅要记住短语和对应的中文释义,更要深入理解其核心意象,并结合语境进行辨析。

1. 理解核心意象,构建语义网络

很多动词短语的含义并非凭空产生,而是由其核心动词和介词/副词的意象组合而成。理解这一点,可以帮助你“推导”出短语的含义,而不是死记硬背。
以“put”为例:“put”的核心意思是“放、放置”。
put away(放好,收起来):“away”表示“离开、到别处”,所以“put away”就是“把东西放到它该去的地方(离开视线)”。
put off(推迟):“off”表示“离开、脱离”,所以“put off”就是把事情“推离”原定的时间点。
put forward(提出):“forward”表示“向前”,所以“put forward”就是把想法“放到前面”来。
put up with(容忍):“up”有“向上、完成”之意,“with”表示“和……一起”。想象一下,你把一件令人不快的事情“举起来”并“和它一起”生活,这就是“容忍”。
以“take”为例:“take”的核心意思是“拿、取”。
take after(长得像/性格像):想象一下,你从长辈那里“拿”来了他们的外貌或性格特点。
take off(起飞;脱下):“off”表示“离开、脱离”。飞机“脱离”地面是“起飞”;衣服“脱离”身体是“脱下”。
take over(接管):“over”表示“越过、覆盖”。你“拿”过别人手里的工作,覆盖了它,就是“接管”。

2. 结合真题语境,进行辨析练习

自考英语二的真题是最好的学习材料。我建议你每学完一组短语,就立刻去真题中寻找它们的身影。你可以这样做:
第一步:定位。在完形填空或阅读文章中,找到你学过的动词短语。
第二步:分析。不要只看中文翻译,而是根据上下文,用英语思考这个短语在这个句子中的具体含义。例如,看到“The meeting was put off”,你要能想到“The meeting was postponed”。
第三步:替换。尝试用同义短语或单词替换它,看是否通顺。例如,“put off”可以替换为“postpone”,“look into”可以替换为“investigate”。
第四步:仿写。模仿真题中的句子,自己造一个新句子。这是从“输入”到“输出”最关键的一步。例如,真题里是“He put forward a proposal.”,你可以仿写“She put forward a good suggestion at the meeting.”

二、 对整理内容的专业补充与深化

你的整理已经非常全面,但为了追求“精确”和“专业”,我想对其中一些重要但容易混淆的短语进行更细致的辨析,并补充一些同样高频但可能被遗漏的短语。

1. 易混淆短语的深度辨析
look after vs. take care of:两者都表示“照顾”,但look after更侧重于“照看、看管”,对象可以是人、物或动物,语气较为口语化。take care of则更强调“负责、处理”,除了照顾人,还可以处理事情、解决问题,语气更正式。例如:
Can you look after my cat while I'm away? (照看猫)
A good manager should take care of all the details. (处理细节)
give in vs. give up:两者都有“放弃”的意思,但侧重点不同。give in是“屈服、让步”,通常指对外部压力或要求的妥协,后常接“to”。give up是“放弃(做某事)”,指主动停止尝试或放弃某物,后接名词或动名词。例如:
He finally gave in to the temptation and ate the cake. (向诱惑屈服)
She gave up smoking after years of trying. (放弃吸烟这个习惯)
take part in vs. join vs. attend:这三个词都与“参加”有关,但用法不同。
take part in:强调“参与”活动并发挥作用,是“积极参与者”。例如:He took part in the debate. (他参与了辩论并发言)
join:最常用的是“加入”某个组织、团体或人群,成为其中一员。例如:He joined the army/the club. 也可用于“加入某人做某事”:Will you join us for dinner?
attend:强调“出席、到场”,不强调参与程度。例如:He attended the meeting but didn't say a word. (他出席了会议但一言不发)
bring about vs. lead to vs. result in:三者都表示“导致”,但用法略有不同。
bring about:强调“引起、造成”,主语通常是某事或某人的行为。例如:The reform brought about great changes.
lead to:强调“通向、导致”,常指一系列事件发展的结果。例如:Hard work leads to success.
result in:强调“结果是……”,后面直接跟结果。例如:The accident resulted in three deaths.

2. 补充高频但易被忽略的动词短语
account for:解释,说明(原因);占(比例)。例如:How do you account for your absence? (解释缺席原因) / Exports account for 30% of the company's revenue. (占……比例)
apply for / to:申请。apply for 后接职位、工作、奖学金等;apply to 后接学校、机构等。例如:He applied for the job. / She applied to three universities.
belong to:属于。注意:没有被动语态。例如:This book belongs to me.
consist of:由……组成。注意:没有被动语态。例如:The team consists of ten members. (同义短语:be made up of)
depend on / rely on:依赖,依靠。例如:You can depend on him to help you.
devote...to...:把……奉献给/致力于……。to是介词,后接名词或动名词。例如:She devoted her life to helping the poor.
distinguish...from...:把……与……区分开。例如:It's important to distinguish right from wrong.
insist on:坚持(做某事)。后接名词或动名词。例如:He insisted on paying for the meal.
prefer...to...:喜欢……胜过……。例如:I prefer tea to coffee.
refer to:指的是;参考;查阅。例如:What does this word refer to? / Please refer to the dictionary.
succeed in:成功做某事。后接名词或动名词。例如:He succeeded in passing the exam.
think of / about:考虑,思考。think of 还可表示“想起、想到”。例如:What do you think of the movie? / I can't think of his name.

三、 构建“以我为主”的学习体系

资料是别人的,但知识是自己的。我建议你以这份整理为基础,构建一个属于自己的“动词短语学习档案”。你可以这样做:

1. 个性化分类:除了按动词分类,你还可以按功能分类,如“表示‘导致’的短语”(lead to, bring about, result in)、“表示‘取消’的短语”(call off, cancel)、“表示‘调查’的短语”(look into, investigate, go into)等。这有助于你在写作时快速调用。

2. 制作“易错卡片”:把你经常混淆或记错的短语单独摘

[本文内容由厦门撷墨教育AI生成,仅供参考]
回复 打印

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

在线答疑
温馨提示

      由于近期经常有同学反馈添加我们客服QQ没有反应,如果您在添加我们QQ客服一直没有通过,或者发送的信息一直没有回复,有可能是QQ消息通知吞吐或延迟,建议添加我们的客服微信进行联系。

1. 已购买2026年10月备考资料包(含押题)的同学,注册账号后可联系我们开通作文批改、在线练习和有问必答系统免费使用权限。

2. 网站内含有其他科目学习资料,是需要另付购买的哈!

3、资料是一次购买,永久免费更新的(考前冲刺资料除外)。

4、如何在使用过程中有任何疑问,可与我们联系,我们唯一联系方式如下,建议添加我们客服微信,QQ经常有收不到消息与通知的情况。

微信号:13515663803 QQ号:2577233987

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表