Today, the idea of a coffee house usually brings to mind a cozy (惬意的) place that serves delicious coffee. So how did the coffee house get started?
The first record of a public place serving coffee dates back to 1475. Kiwa Han was the first coffee shop, located in Istanbul, Türkiye. Coffee was a very important item during that period. It was even legal in Türkiye for a woman to divorce her husband if he could not supply her with enough coffee.
The idea of adding cream and sugar to coffee came into fashion in Europe around 1529, when the first coffee house in Europe was established. Vienna was invaded by the Turkish army. They left many bags of coffee beans behind when they fled the city. An Austrian who had lived in Türkiye was the only person who recognized the value in the beans. He opened a coffee house and introduced the idea of filtering (过滤) coffee, as well as softening coffee with milk and sugar.
Coffee establishments continued to spread, with the first one opening up in Britain in 1652. And it was in an English coffee house that the word tips was first used. A jar with a sign reading To Insure Prompt Service sat on the counter. You put a coin in the jar to be served quickly.
The British called their coffee houses penny universities, because that was the price for the coffee and the social upper-class of businessmen were found there. From there, the idea spread further through Europe and eventually to America. The role of the American coffee houses was the same as that in England: hotspots for the business community.
And who could forget the most popular coffee house chain of all, Starbucks? They opened their first store in 1971, in Seattle, and have taken the world by storm with over 8,000 locations.
Kiva Han was the worlds oldest coffee house. A. True B. False C. Not Given
Turkish men often bought coffee as a gift for the marriage proposal. A. True B. False C. Not Given
It was in Europe that people started to add cream to coffee. A. True B. False C. Not Given
The Turkish people enjoyed having their coffee black. A. True B. False C. Not Given
Coffee beans were first brought to Europe as a gift from Türkiye. A. True B. False C. Not Given
Before 1529, there were many coffee houses in Europe. A. True B. False C. Not Given
The British started tipping in order to get served more quickly. A. True B. False C. Not Given
Many coffee houses were opened in British universities. A. True B. False C. Not Given
American businessmen often met at coffee houses. A. True B. False C. Not Given
Starbucks opened its first coffee house in 1652. A. True B. False C. Not Given
Today’s house cats all come from a single type of wildcat. Researchers believe that it was originally from the Near East, in a region from modern-day Türkiye down to Lebanon. Around 10,000 years ago, farmers began storing grain. The grain attracted mice. Cats could help out with that.
The same type of cats also ruled in Ancient Egypt. They left their traces in statues and paintings. Researchers wondered how these two separate lines led to today’s worldwide success of cats. Unlike other archaeologists (考古学家), Eva-Maria Geigl studied DNA instead of bones.
Combining the genetic information with other records, the researchers figured out the cats’ paths. After cats befriended (亲近) the Near East farmers, they began to appear on farms in other places. One example is a 9,500-year-old cat buried in a human grave on the island of Cyprus. There were no wild cats on the island. They must have come from somewhere else. Humans must have brought them on a boat.
A second wave of cats began living with humans in Egypt 2,500 years ago. The new study shows that during Roman times, these Egyptian cats also began expanding through the Mediterranean (地中海). They mixed with the Near East cats and then went farther. They went through Europe and into Southwest Asia.
When the Viking age began, the expansion of Egyptian cat families exploded. It was likely due to the popularity of using ship cats to kill rats. “Rats on ships not only eat and spoil the food, they also destroy the ropes, so rats could be a disaster for sailors,” says Geigl. “Cats prevent these types of disasters.”
11.The first cats were believed to come from ______. A. Egypt B. the Far East C. the Near East D. East Asia
12.How does Geigl study the spread of cats? A. By following their traces. B. By analyzing their statues. C. By examining their bones. D. By testing their DNA.
13.The cat found in the Cyprus grave was probably ______. A. born on the island B. brought to the island C. the world’s first wild cat D. the world’s first pet cat
14.The cats in Southwest Asia were originally from ______. A. Egypt B. Cyprus C. Europe D. the Mediterranean
15.Who contributed most to the spread of cats during the Viking age? A. Researchers. B. Painters. C. Farmers. D. Sailors.
① In 1848, gold was found in California. Thousands of people rushed there. But the train line to California wasnt finished until 1869. It took a long time to ride a horse from California to Missouri. What would you do if you wanted to send a message? Well, you could use the Pony Express.
② In 1860 and 1861, the Pony Express was the fastest way to get news to and from the West. The road was around 2,000 miles long. It took most people weeks or months to ride that far. The Pony Express could make it in just 10 days. Those speeds were unheard of then. How did they do it? Well, they had a good system.
③ The Pony Express had 184 stations along the road. The stations were about 10 miles apart. This is about how far a horse could run before tired. The rider would switch to a new horse at each station. Every 75-100 miles, the rider would get to a home station, where riders would rest. Before resting, he would give his mail bag to a new rider. The mail never stopped moving, while the horses and riders rested.
④ It was tough to ride for the Pony Express. Each rider had to weigh less than 125 pounds. Speed was the key. Most riders were teenage boys. They rode up to 100 miles a day. The ride could be dangerous. Attacks by local people were common. But in its running time, the Pony Express lost only one mail bag.
⑤ The Pony Express filled an important role for a time, but it did not last. The Civil War started in 1861. Things got worse when the first telegraph line to California was finished later that year. People could send messages by telegraph instantly. Soon the Pony Express closed. But the story of the brave riders lives on.
Task 1
A. The end of riders business B. The fastest message service
C. The comfortable home station
D. The effective system to send mail
E. Safe delivery despite the tough ride
F. Need of message exchange in the gold rush
16.Paragraph ①:
17.Paragraph ②:
18. Paragraph ③:
19. Paragraph ④:
20. Paragraph ⑤:
Task 2
21. People rushed to California ______. 22. To ride 2,000 miles took the Pony Express ______. 23. There were adequate stations to ______. 24. Most riders had to ______.
25. The telegraph appeared ______.
A. only ten days B. for a better life C. a couple of months D. be young and brave E. switch horses and riders F. after the outbreak of the Civil War
I grew up in Lakeland, LA, one of 12 children. We all lived on my parents farm. We grew cotton, corn and had a large garden, but it didnt bring in much cash. __26__ We milked 65 cows at 5 in the morning and again at 2 in the afternoon, seven days a week.
One Saturday before daylight, I remember complaining to my father and grandfather about having to milk those cows. My father said, You know, boy, to work is a blessing. __27__ However, it took many years before it sank in.
Going to college was a rare privilege for a kid from Lakeland. __28__ So I joined the ROTC program to help pay for college. And what started out as an obligation to the Army became a way of life that I stayed committed to for 37 years, three months and three days.
In the late 1980s, during a visit to Bangladesh, I saw a woman with a baby on her back, breaking bricks with a hammer. I asked a Bangladesh military officer why they werent using a machine, which would have been a lot easier. __29__ Breaking those bricks meant she could earn enough money to feed herself and her baby that day. And as bad as that womans job was, it was enough to keep a small family alive. __30__
A. I dont think I will ever quit working. B. However, I still wanted to go to college. C. He told me a machine would put that lady out of work. D. I had a feeling I had been told something really important. E. It reminded me of my fathers words: To work is a blessing. F. So when I was 12, I got a part-time job helping to milk cows.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence (人工智能) on Jobs
As you grew up, theres a good chance you heard the saying go to a good school, get a good job, and make lots of money. On the surface, that seems like ___31___ advice. After all, college graduates, on ___32___ earn almost $1 million more in their lifetime than those with ___33___ a high school education.
Perhaps you were encouraged to earn a professional degree to ___34___ a high-paying job like a doctor, dentist, lawyer or something ___35___ . This also seems like great advice. A professional degree holder ___36___ earns more than $2 million more in their lifetime than the average college graduate. But that was then, not now.
Thanks to rapid ___37___ in artificial intelligence, jobs are falling to machines. And its not just blue-collar jobs that are being taken ___38___ by automation (自动化). Its white-collar professions as well.
The safe, high paying jobs of the past are starting to look much less secure. If youre currently in one of the professions of finance, ___39___ or law, or going to school to get into these fields, you should ___40___ twice before continuing.
A. get E. medicine I. only B. called F. over J. use C. similar G. average K. usually D. think H. valuable L. development
Next time you fly, the pilot might (may) be a king. Dutch King Willem-Alexander has ___41___ (secret) been flying planes twice a month for twenty-one ___42___ (year). His passengers were ___43___ (aware) of this. The 50-year-old king ___44___ (get) his military pilots license with the Dutch Air Force in his twenties. He loved flying and ___45___ (become) a commercial pilot. The king is now ___46___ (train) to fly Boeing 737 because he wants to upgrade his skills.
The king said flying could relieve his pressure. He explained: You cant take your problems from the ground into the skies. You can leave them aside ___47___ (complete) and concentrate on something else. That is the most ___48___ (relax) part of flying. He said it was easy to keep his secret. Few people ___49___ (know) he was their pilot. He always welcomed passengers on behalf of the captain and the crew. So far he has never ___50___ (tell) passengers his name.
第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分）
请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇100词左右的英文写作任务。将你的答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。
51.某英文报社正在举办题为No Smoking in Public Places的征文活动。请你根据下述写作要点提交一篇英文短文应征。
1. **Kiva Han was the world’s oldest coffee house.**
- **答案：A (True)**
- 详解：文中明确提到“Kiva Han was the first coffee shop, located in Istanbul, Türkiye.”，因此Kiva Han是世界上最古老的咖啡店。
2. **Turkish men often bought coffee as a gift for the marriage proposal.**
- **答案：C (Not Given)**
- 详解：文中提到土耳其女性可以因为丈夫无法提供足够的咖啡而离婚，但并没有提到土耳其男性是否在求婚时赠送咖啡。
3. **It was in Europe that people started to add cream to coffee.**
- **答案：A (True)**
- 详解：文中提到“...the idea of adding cream and sugar to coffee came into fashion in Europe around 1529...”，这表明欧洲确实是最早开始往咖啡里加奶油的地方。
4. **The Turkish people enjoyed having their coffee black.**
- **答案：C (Not Given)**
- 详解：文中没有明确提到土耳其人是否喜欢喝黑咖啡，所以这个信息没有给出。
5. **Coffee beans were first brought to Europe as a gift from Türkiye.**
- **答案：B (False)**
- 详解：文中说到“The Turkish army...left many bags of coffee beans behind when they fled the city.”，这是土耳其军队撤退时留下的，而不是作为礼物带到欧洲。
6. **Before 1529, there were many coffee houses in Europe.**
- **答案：B (False)**
- 详解：文章表明了1529年是欧洲第一家咖啡店开业的时间，因此在此之前欧洲没有咖啡店。
7. **The British started tipping in order to get served more quickly.**
- **答案：A (True)**
- 详解：文中提到“...a jar with a sign reading ‘To Insure Prompt Service’...You put a coin in the jar to be served quickly.” 这说明英国人通过付小费以获得更快的服务。
8. **Many coffee houses were opened in British universities.**
- **答案：C (Not Given)**
- 详解：虽然文本提到“penny universities”这个术语，但未说明咖啡馆是否地处大学里。因此该信息没有被提及。
9. **American businessmen often met at coffee houses.**
- **答案：A (True)**
- 详解：文中提到“The role of the American coffee houses was the same as that in England: hotspots for the business community.”，即美国的咖啡店也是商界人士聚集的地方。
10. **Starbucks opened its first coffee house in 1652.**
- **答案：B (False)**
- 详解：文中指出“Starbucks...opened their first store in 1971, in Seattle”，因此星巴克的开业时间是1971年而非1652年。
[复制链接]
在线答疑
|大事记|手机版|小黑屋|厦门撷墨教育
( 闽ICP备19027462号-2 )
立即注册
登录
