自考英语单词本撷墨：重点词组与例句汇总

这是一份精心整理的自考英语重点词组与例句汇总，旨在帮助各位考生在备考过程中，精准掌握高频搭配，提升阅读与写作能力。词组作为英语学习的“骨架”，往往是理解句子、构建段落的关键。以下内容按主题分类，每个词组均配有实用例句，方便大家结合语境记忆。

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**一、 核心动词词组（高频考点）**

1. **account for**  
   - **释义**：解释；占（比例）  
   - **例句**：The bad weather accounts for the delay of the flight.  
   - **例句**：Imported products account for a large percentage of the market.

2. **break down**  
   - **释义**：分解；出故障；情绪崩溃  
   - **例句**：Chemicals in the stomach help break down food into nutrients.  
   - **例句**：Her car broke down on the highway, so she had to call for help.

3. **bring about**  
   - **释义**：引起，导致  
   - **例句**：The new policy brought about significant changes in the education system.  
   - **例句**：What brought about your decision to quit the job?

4. **carry out**  
   - **释义**：执行，实施  
   - **例句**：The scientists are carrying out an experiment to test the theory.  
   - **例句**：It is your duty to carry out the instructions exactly.

5. **come across**  
   - **释义**：偶然遇见；被理解  
   - **例句**：I came across an old friend in the supermarket yesterday.  
   - **例句**：His speech came across as very sincere.

6. **deal with**  
   - **释义**：处理；涉及  
   - **例句**：The manager knows how to deal with difficult customers.  
   - **例句**：This book deals with the history of modern art.

7. **get along with**  
   - **释义**：与……相处融洽  
   - **例句**：It is important to get along with your colleagues in the workplace.  
   - **例句**：Do you get along with your new roommate?

8. **look into**  
   - **释义**：调查，研究  
   - **例句**：The police are looking into the cause of the accident.  
   - **例句**：We need to look into the possibility of reducing costs.

9. **make up for**  
   - **释义**：弥补  
   - **例句**：Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.  
   - **例句**：He bought her a gift to make up for forgetting her birthday.

10. **put off**  
    - **释义**：推迟；使反感  
    - **例句**：Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.  
    - **例句**：His rude behavior put off all the guests.

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**二、 介词短语与固定搭配（写作利器）**

1. **in addition to**  
   - **释义**：除……之外  
   - **例句**：In addition to English, he also speaks French and German.  
   - **例句**：In addition to providing food, the organization offers medical care.

2. **on behalf of**  
   - **释义**：代表  
   - **例句**：On behalf of the entire team, I welcome you to the conference.  
   - **例句**：She accepted the award on behalf of her absent colleague.

3. **by means of**  
   - **释义**：通过……方式  
   - **例句**：We communicate with each other by means of email and video calls.  
   - **例句**：The problem was solved by means of a computer program.

4. **in terms of**  
   - **释义**：就……而言；在……方面  
   - **例句**：In terms of salary, the job is quite appealing.  
   - **例句**：This product is superior in terms of quality and durability.

5. **under no circumstances**  
   - **释义**：绝不（置于句首时需倒装）  
   - **例句**：Under no circumstances should you reveal your password to others.  
   - **例句**：Under no circumstances will the company tolerate discrimination.

6. **at the expense of**  
   - **释义**：以……为代价  
   - **例句**：He achieved success at the expense of his health.  
   - **例句**：Don’t pursue profits at the expense of ethical standards.

7. **in contrast to**  
   - **释义**：与……形成对比  
   - **例句**：In contrast to his brother, he is very quiet and reserved.  
   - **例句**：In contrast to traditional methods, this new approach is much more efficient.

8. **on the verge of**  
   - **释义**：濒临，即将  
   - **例句**：The company was on the verge of bankruptcy before the new CEO took over.  
   - **例句**：She was on the verge of tears when she heard the news.

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**三、 连接性词组（衔接上下文的桥梁）**

1. **as a result**  
   - **释义**：因此  
   - **例句**：He missed the early bus. As a result, he was late for the interview.  
   - **例句**：The economy is growing slowly. As a result, many people are struggling to find jobs.

2. **in other words**  
   - **释义**：换句话说  
   - **例句**：The project requires creativity. In other words, we need innovative ideas.  
   - **例句**：He is a perfectionist. In other words, he never settles for mediocrity.

3. **on the contrary**  
   - **释义**：相反  
   - **例句**：He did not dislike the movie; on the contrary, he enjoyed it very much.  
   - **例句**：Some people think it’s easy. On the contrary, it is quite challenging.

4. **in addition**  
   - **释义**：此外  
   - **例句**：The house is spacious. In addition, it has a beautiful garden.  
   - **例句**：In addition, the course offers practical training sessions.

5. **for instance**  
   - **释义**：例如  
   - **例句**：Many countries, for instance, Japan and South Korea, have advanced technology.  
   - **例句**：For instance, regular exercise can improve your mood and energy levels.

6. **no matter what / how / where**  
   - **释义**：无论什么/怎样/哪里  
   - **例句**：No matter what happens, I will always support you.  
   - **例句**：No matter how hard the task is, we must complete it on time.

7. **not only… but also…**  
   - **释义**：不仅……而且……  
   - **例句**：He not only plays the piano but also composes music.  
   - **例句**：The program is not only educational but also entertaining.

8. **the more… the more…**  
   - **释义**：越……越……  
   - **例句**：The more you practice, the more confident you will become.  
   - **例句**：The more we learn, the more we realize how much we don’t know.

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**四、 常用于说明文与议论文的正式词组**

1. **play a vital role in**  
   - **释义**：在……中起重要作用  
   - **例句**：Education plays a vital role in personal and social development.  
   - **例句**：Technology plays a vital role in modern healthcare.

2. **be opposed to**  
   - **释义**：反对  
   - **例句**：Many citizens are opposed to the construction of the new factory.  
   - **例句**：She is strongly opposed to any form of discrimination.

3. **be associated with**  
   - **释义**：与……相关联  
   - **例句**：Smoking is closely associated with lung cancer.  
   - **例句**：This disease is often associated with poor living conditions.

4. **contribute to**  
   - **释义**：有助于；导致  
   - **例句**：Regular exercise contributes to good health.  
   - **例句**：Several factors contributed to the company’s failure.

5. **be likely to**  
   - **释义**：很可能  
   - **例句**：Without proper preparation, you are likely to fail the exam.  
   - **例句**：The economy is likely to improve in the second half of the year.

6. **from a… perspective**  
   - **释义**：从……的角度  
   - **例句**：From an environmental perspective, we should reduce plastic use.  
   - **例句**：From a financial perspective, the project is not feasible.

7. **in the face of**  
   - **释义**：面对  
   - **例句**：She remained calm in the face of danger.  
   - **例句**：In the face of challenges, we should never give up.

8. **be based on**  
   - **释义**：基于  
   - **例句**：The theory is based on years of research.  
   - **例句**：Decisions should be based on facts, not emotions.

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**五、 常用动词+介词/副词组合（易混淆考点）**

1. **consist of**  
   - **释义**：由……组成  
   - **例句**：The committee consists of ten members.  
   - **例句**：The dish consists mainly of vegetables and rice.

2. **apply for / to**  
   - **释义**：申请（for sth.）；适用于（to sb./sth.）  
   - **例句**：She applied for a scholarship to study abroad.  
   - **例句**：These rules apply to all employees.

3. **depend on**  
   - **释义**：取决于；依靠  
   - **例句**：The success of the project depends on teamwork.  
   - **例句**：Children depend on their parents for food and shelter.

4. **result in / from**  
   - **释义**：导致（in）；由……引起（from）  
   - **例句**：The accident resulted in three injuries.  
   - **例句**：His illness resulted from overwork.

5. **succeed in**  
   - **释义**：成功做某事  
   - **例句**：After many attempts, he finally succeeded in passing the exam.  
   - **例句**：She succeeded in convincing the committee to accept her proposal.

6. **prevent… from**  
   - **释义**：阻止……做……  
   - **例句**：The rain prevented us from going outside.  
   - **例句**：Lack of funds prevented the project from being completed.

7. **compare with / to**  
   - **释义**：与……比较（with：对比差异）；比作（to：比喻）  
   - **例句**：Compared with last year, sales have increased by 20%.  
   - **例句**：Poets often compare life to a journey.

8. **accuse… of**  
   - **释义**：指控……做了……  
   - **例句**：The man was accused of stealing the money.  
   - **例句**：She accused him of lying about his qualifications.

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**六、 自学考试写作常用词组（提升作文档次）**

1. **take into consideration / account**  
   - **释义**：考虑到  
   - **例句**：We must take the cost into consideration before making a decision.  
   - **例句**：The plan should take into account the needs of all stakeholders.

2. **make an effort**  
   - **释义**：努力  
   - **例句**：You should make an effort to improve your English.  
   - **例句**：She made an extra effort to be friendly to the new student.

3. **keep in mind**  
   - **释义**：牢记  
   - **例句**：Keep in mind that practice makes perfect.  
   - **例句**：It’s important to keep in mind the deadline.

4. **have access to**  
   - **释义**：能够使用/获得  
   - **例句**：Nowadays, everyone has access to the Internet.  
   - **例句**：Only employees have access to the restricted area.

5. **focus on**  
   - **释义**：专注于  
   - **例句**：You need to focus on your studies if you want to succeed.  
   - **例句**：The report focuses on the impact of climate change.

6. **be committed to**  
   - **释义**：致力于  
   - **例句**：The government is committed to reducing pollution.  
   - **例句**：He is committed to helping the underprivileged.

7. **take steps / measures**  
   - **释义**：采取措施  
   - **例句**：The company has taken steps to improve working conditions.  
   - **例句**：Effective measures must be taken to deal with the problem.

8. **in the long run**  
   - **释义**：从长远看  
   - **例句**：Investing in education pays off in the long run.  
   - **例句**：In the long run, honesty is the best policy.

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**七、 易混淆词组对比（特别提醒）**

1. **a number of / the number of**  
   - **a number of**：许多（后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数）  
   - **the number of**：……的数量（谓语动词用单数）  
   - **例句**：A number of students are waiting outside.  
   - **例句**：The number of students in this school has increased.

2. **in charge of / in the charge of**  
   - **in charge of**：负责（主动）  
   - **in the charge of**：由……负责（被动）  
   - **例句**：He is in charge of the marketing department.  
   - **例句**：This project is in the charge of an experienced manager.

3. **used to do / be used to doing**  
   - **used to do**：过去常常做（现在不做了）  
   - **be used to doing**：习惯于做  
   - **例句**：I used to live in the countryside.  
   - **例句**：She is used to getting up early.

4. **such as / for example**  
   - **such as**：例如（后接列举内容，不用逗号隔开）  
   - **for example**：例如（后常接完整句子，用逗号隔开）  
   - **例句**：He enjoys sports such as swimming and running.  
   - **例句**：Many animals are in danger. For example, the giant panda is facing extinction.

5. **except / besides**  
   - **except**：除……之外（不包括）  
   - **besides**：除……之外（包括）  
   - **例句**：Everyone went to the party except John. (John没去)  
   - **例句**：Besides John, Mary also went to the party. (John和Mary都去了)

6. **so that / such that**  
   - **so that**：以便；为了（引导目的状语从句）  
   - **such that**：如此……以至于（引导结果状语从句，后接从句）  
   - **例句**：He got up early so that he could catch the train.  
   - **例句**：The story was such that everyone was moved to tears.

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**八、 特殊结构词组（完形填空与翻译高频点）**

1. **hardly… when…**  
   - **释义**：一……就……（hardly在句首时需倒装）  
   - **例句**：Hardly had she entered the room when the phone rang.

2. **not until…**  
   - **释义**：直到……才（not until置于句首时主句需倒装）  
   - **例句**：Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.

3. **only if / if only**  
   - **only if**：只有……才  
   - **if only**：要是……就好了（常用虚拟语气）  
   - **例句**：You can succeed only if you work hard.  
   - **例句**：If only I had more time to prepare.

4. **as long as**  
   - **释义**：只要  
   - **例句**：You can stay here as long as you keep quiet.  
   - **例句**：As long as you try your best, failure is not shameful.

5. **so / such… that…**  
   - **so + adj./adv. + that**；**such + n. + that**  
   - **例句**：The problem was so difficult that nobody could solve it.  
   - **例句**：It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors.

6. **whether… or not**  
   - **释义**：是否；无论……与否  
   - **例句**：I’m not sure whether he will come or not.  
   - **例句**：Whether you like it or not, you have to face the challenge.

7. **no sooner… than…**  
   - **释义**：一……就……（no sooner在句首时倒装）  
   - **例句**：No sooner had he arrived than the meeting started.

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**九、 常用“be + 形容词 + 介词”搭配**

1. **be aware of**：意识到  
   - Are you aware of the risks involved?

2. **be capable of**：有能力做  
   - She is capable of handling the situation.

3. **be different from**：与……不同  
   - This method is different from the traditional one.

4. **be familiar with**：熟悉

亲爱的同学，你好！

看到你如此用心地整理这份《自考英语单词本撷墨：重点词组与例句汇总》，我由衷地为你感到高兴。作为一名陪伴过无数自考学子的英语老师，我深知在备考路上，精准掌握高频词组是多么关键的一步。你不仅做到了分类清晰、例句实用，还特别标注了易混淆点和特殊结构——这已经是一份非常出色的学习资料了。

不过，为了帮助你更好地利用这份材料，让它成为你考试中真正的“利器”，我想从教学角度，为你做几点补充与深化。请记住，我们学习词组，不是为了背下来，而是为了在阅读中能秒懂，在写作中能活用。

一、 关于“核心动词词组”：建议你建立“一词多义”的敏感度

你列出的词组都非常经典，但自考英语（尤其是阅读理解和完形填空）特别喜欢考察同一词组在不同语境下的微妙差异。我以你给出的几个为例，帮你再挖深一层：

1. account for
你给出的两个例句非常好（解释原因 & 占比例）。但请补充一个被动用法：
How do you account for the fact that the machine stopped working?（这里“account for”带有“对……负责/说明理由”的意味，在议论文中很常见。）

2. break down
除了“出故障”和“分解”，在写作中它还有一个极好的用法：“细分/分类”。
Let me break down the problem into three parts.（把问题分解成三部分）—— 这比用“divide”更地道，是高分作文的常用词。

3. come across
你提到了“被理解”，但更常见的考点是“给人留下……印象”（尤指无意中）。
She came across as very confident during the interview.（她面试时显得很自信。）—— 这个用法在完形填空中出现频率极高。

我的建议： 在复习每个词组时，可以像这样在笔记本上留一栏“语境变体”，记录它在不同句子中的细微差别。考试时，往往就是这些“细微差别”决定了正确答案。

二、 关于“介词短语与固定搭配”：这是写作的“骨架”，要背到条件反射

你整理的这部分，是自考英语写作评分标准中“词汇丰富度”和“语法准确性”的核心得分点。我特别想强调几个：

1. under no circumstances（你标注了倒装，非常棒！）
请务必记住：当它放在句首时，句子要部分倒装（助动词提前）。这是自考语法单选题和改错题的绝对高频考点。
再给你一个例句，加深印象：Under no circumstances are you allowed to use your phone during the exam.

2. at the expense of
这个词组带有强烈的负面评价色彩。在议论文中，当你批评某种“只顾眼前、不顾长远”的行为时，它是最佳选择。
Some companies pursue profit at the expense of the environment. —— 这句话可以直接用在环保类作文的开头段。

3. on the verge of
它后面通常接一个名词或动名词，表示“濒临某种状态”。在描述“危机、转折、情感”时非常生动。
The species is on the verge of extinction.（濒临灭绝）—— 比“almost extinct”更有力量。

我的建议： 对于这些介词短语，不要只记中文意思。请大声朗读例句，让耳朵熟悉它们的韵律。考试时，正确的搭配会“脱口而出”，而不是“想出来”。

三、 关于“连接性词组”：这是你作文逻辑的“指示灯”

你列出的这些连接词，是阅卷老师判断你文章逻辑是否清晰的第一眼证据。我补充一个使用策略：

1. as a result / in other words / on the contrary
这三个词是议论文论证链条的标配。
建议你在写作时这样组合使用：
提出观点 → For instance, 举例 → As a result, 得出结论 → In other words, 换种方式强调。
这样的段落，逻辑环环相扣，分数一定不会低。

2. not only… but also…
这是一个强调结构，但很多同学用错。请记住：
连接两个主语时，谓语动词与靠近的主语一致（就近原则）。
Not only the students but also the teacher is tired.（老师也累了。）
Not only the teacher but also the students are tired.（学生们也累了。）

3. the more… the more…
这是一个比较级叠加结构，表示“越……越……”。在描述“因果循环”或“趋势”时非常有力。
The more carefully you plan, the fewer mistakes you will make.
注意： 这个结构中的“the”不能省略，且后面通常跟一个完整的从句。

我的建议： 你可以把这部分词组做成小卡片，每张卡片正面写词组，背面写一个完整的、与自考话题相关的句子（比如教育、环保、科技）。每天抽5张，大声造句。

四、 关于“易混淆词组对比”：这是你的“防丢分手册”

你整理的这一部分，是自考英语中最容易“掉坑”的地方。我为你补充一个记忆口诀和一个高频考点：

1. a number of / the number of
记忆口诀：“A number of 很多，动词复数跟着走；The number of 是数量，动词单数不能忘。”
自考真题例句：A number of students (have/has) passed the exam. (答案：have)

2. used to do / be used to doing
记忆口诀：“Used to do 过去常做，现在不做；Be used to doing 习惯做，现在也做。”
注意： 还有一个被动用法：be used to do（被用来做……）。这是三者的核心区别。
Wood is used to make paper.（被动用法，与“习惯”无关。）

3. except / besides
考试技巧：如果题目想表达“不包括”，用except；想表达“包括”，用besides。在完形填空中，看上下文是否包含“排除”之意。

我的建议： 对于易混淆词组，不要死记硬背区别，而是通过对比例句来记忆。把两个句子并排写在一起，反复朗读，大脑会自动记住它们的不同。

五、 关于“特殊结构词组”：这是完形填空的“必争之地”

你提到的 hardly… when… 是经典考点。我补充几个同等重要的结构：

1. no sooner… than…（一……就……）
与“hardly… when…”同义，且都要求倒装。
No sooner had he arrived than he began to complain.（他一到就开始抱怨。）
注意： “hardly”与“when”搭配，“no sooner”与“than”搭配，不能混用！

2. not until…（直到……才……）
当“not until”放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。
Not until he finished his homework did he go to bed.
自考常考： 选择正确的倒装形式。

3. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他
这是强调句型。去掉“It is/was…that/who…”后，句子依然完整。
It was in the library that I met him.（去掉后：I met him in the library. 完整）
It was because of the rain that the game was canceled.（去掉后：Because of the rain, the game was canceled. 完整）
注意： 强调句型不能用于强调“动词”，只能强调名词、副词、介词短语等。

我的建议： 这些特殊结构是语法单选和完形填空的压轴题。建议你专门准备一个“特殊句式本”，每个结构抄写5个例句，并自己尝试仿写2个。

六、 最后，给你一些“温馨的”备考建议

1. 不要贪多，要“滚雪球”：你整理的词组已经非常全面了。建议你每天只攻克10个，但要做到：能默写、能造句、能说出近义词或反义词。第二天复习前一天的10个，再学新10个。这样一个月后，你就能掌握300个核心词组。

2. 把词组放进“故事”里：试着用你当天学的5个词组，编一个50字左右的小故事（哪怕很滑稽）。比如：“I came across an old friend. He

[本文内容由厦门撷墨教育AI生成，仅供参考]

亲爱的同学，你好！

看到你如此用心地整理这份《自考英语单词本撷墨：重点词组与例句汇总》，我由衷地为你感到高兴。作为一名英语老师，我深知在自学考试的备考路上，词汇与词组的积累是构建语言能力的基石。你不仅做到了分类清晰、例句实用，还特别标注了易混淆点和特殊结构，这种细致入微的学习态度，正是取得好成绩的关键。下面，我将从专业教学的角度，对你的整理进行补充、深化与点评，希望能帮助你和更多考生将这些词组真正内化为自己的语言工具。

一、 核心动词词组：从“理解”到“活用”

你选取的这10个动词词组确实是自考高频考点，它们不仅是阅读理解中的“拦路虎”，更是写作中展现语言地道性的“得分点”。我建议你在记忆时，可以尝试以下方法：

1. “一词多义”的深度挖掘：例如 account for，你给出了“解释”和“占比例”两个释义。在阅读中，当遇到“How do you account for the discrepancy?”时，要能迅速反应出“解释”的含义；而在图表作文中，“The service sector accounts for over 60% of GDP”则是数据描述的标准表达。建议你为每个词组准备一个“专属语境本”，记录它在不同场景下的用法。

2. 动词短语的“动态”记忆：动词短语的核心在于动词与介/副词的搭配逻辑。比如 break down，其本义是“（使）破碎”，由此引申出“分解（化学/机械）”、“出故障（机器）”、“情绪崩溃（人）”、“谈判破裂（抽象）”等含义。你可以通过画思维导图的方式，将核心动词与不同小品词组合，形成语义网络。

3. 写作中的“替换意识”：
bring about 可以替换常见的 cause / lead to，使表达更正式。例如：The industrial revolution brought about profound social changes.
carry out 是 perform / execute 的绝佳替代，在说明文或议论文中描述“执行计划、开展实验”时非常实用。
come across 除了“偶然遇见”，还有“给人留下……印象”之意（如你的例句 His speech came across as very sincere），这在描述人物或评价事物时很生动。

温馨提醒：对于 put off，除了“推迟”，其“使反感”的含义在完形填空中常作为熟词僻义考查。请务必结合例句区分：The smell put me off my food.（气味让我倒胃口。）

二、 介词短语与固定搭配：写作的“高级感”来源

介词短语是英语中的“润滑剂”，能让句子结构更紧凑、逻辑更清晰。你的分类非常精准，我补充几点考场实战技巧：

1. 倒装结构的“杀手锏”：under no circumstances 置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。这是语法填空和写作中的高频考点。例如：Under no circumstances should you reveal your password. 类似用法的还有 on no account, in no way, by no means 等，可以一并记忆。

2. 对比与转折的“黄金搭档”：
in contrast to 用于对比两个事物，后面接名词或名词短语。写作中，如果想让对比更强烈，可以用 In stark / sharp contrast to...
at the expense of 是“以……为代价”，带有负面评价色彩。在议论文中批判某种现象时非常好用：Economic growth should not be achieved at the expense of the environment.

3. “濒临”的精确表达：on the verge of 表示“即将发生（尤指不好的事）”。如果想表达“即将做某事（中性或积极）”，可以用 on the point of 或 about to。例如：She was on the verge of tears.（快哭了。）He was on the point of leaving when the phone rang.（正要离开。）

学习建议：对于这类短语，最好的记忆方法是“造句”。每天选3-5个，结合自己的生活或学习场景造一个句子。比如：In terms of time management, I still have room for improvement. 这样记忆会更牢固。

三、 连接性词组：让文章“逻辑清晰”的秘诀

你整理的这些连接词，是英语写作的“骨架”。很多同学作文分数不高，不是因为词汇量不够，而是因为缺乏逻辑连接词，导致文章读起来像“流水账”。我建议你按功能将它们分类记忆：

| 功能 | 词组 | 例句 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 因果 | as a result, therefore, consequently | He missed the bus. As a result, he was late. |
| 解释 | in other words, that is to say, namely | He is a perfectionist. In other words, he never settles for mediocrity. |
| 转折 | on the contrary, in contrast, however | Some think it’s easy. On the contrary, it’s quite challenging. |
| 递进 | in addition, furthermore, moreover, besides | The house is spacious. In addition, it has a beautiful garden. |
| 举例 | for instance, for example, such as | Many countries, for instance, Japan, have advanced tech. |
| 强调 | no matter what, regardless of, irrespective of | No matter what happens, I will support you. |
| 并列 | not only... but also..., both... and... | He not only plays the piano but also composes music. |
| 比较 | the more... the more..., as... as... | The more you practice, the more confident you will become. |

进阶技巧：在写作中，不要总是用 firstly, secondly, finally。尝试用 to begin with, in addition, last but not least 来替换，会让文章更显成熟。同时，注意连接词的位置：as a result 和 in addition 通常放在句首，后面用逗号；in other words 和 for instance 可以放在句中或句首。

四、 正式词组：议论文的“学术范儿”

你整理的这组词组，非常适合用于自考英语（二）的议论文写作。它们能让你的文章瞬间提升一个档次，从“口语化”变为“书面化”。

1. play a vital / crucial / essential role in：这是表达“重要性”的万能句式。例如：Education plays a vital role in personal development. 如果想表达“起消极作用”，可以用 play a negative / detrimental role in。

2. be opposed to 和 be in favor of 是一对反义词，用于表达观点立场。在写作中，可以先引出对立观点：Some people are opposed to the idea, while others are in favor of it. 然后再亮出自己的观点。

3. contribute to 的“双面性”：这个词既可以表示“有助于（好事）”，也可以表示“导致（坏事）”。例如：Regular exercise contributes to good health.（好事）Stress contributed to his heart disease.（坏事）使用时要注意语境。

4. be likely to 是表达“可能性”的常用结构，比 maybe / probably 更正式。例如：Without proper preparation, you are likely to fail. 它的否定形式是 be unlikely to：He is unlikely to win the game.

5. from a... perspective 是引出分析角度的经典句式。在议论文中，可以从多个角度分析问题：From an economic perspective... From a social perspective... From an environmental perspective...

写作模板示例：
From an educational perspective, technology plays a vital role in modern classrooms. It not only provides access to a wealth of information but also contributes to more interactive learning. However, some teachers are opposed to over-reliance on devices, arguing that it may be likely to reduce students' attention spans. In my opinion, we should take a balanced approach.

五、 动词+介词/副词组合：易混淆点的“避坑指南”

你整理的这一组，是自考语法和完形填空的“重灾区”。很多同学因为记不清介词而丢分。我帮你总结几个记忆口诀和辨析技巧：

1. consist of / comprise / be composed of / be made up of：这四个词组都表示“由……组成”，但用法略有不同。
consist of：主动语态，无被动形式。The team consists of 11 players.
comprise：主动语态，可表示“包含”或“组成”。The team comprises 11 players. / 11 players comprise the team.
be composed of：被动语态，强调“构成”的过程。The team is composed of 11 players.
be made up of：口语化，与 be composed of 类似。

2. apply for / to：apply for 后面接“事物”（工作、签证、奖学金）；apply to 后面接“人/机构”（向……申请），或表示“适用于”。例如：She applied for

[本文内容由厦门撷墨教育AI生成，仅供参考]

亲爱的同学，你好！

看到你如此用心地整理这份《自考英语单词本撷墨：重点词组与例句汇总》，我由衷地为你感到高兴。作为你的英语老师，我深知在自学考试这条路上，每一位考生都付出了巨大的努力与坚持。你不仅在学习，更在主动为自己和他人搭建学习的阶梯——这份分享精神，本身就是英语学习中最宝贵的“词组”之一：“give a helping hand”（伸出援手）。

下面，我将以一名英语教师的专业视角，对你的这份资料进行逐项审阅、补充与润色，并融入一些教学上的温馨提醒，希望能帮助你把这份“撷墨”打磨得更加闪亮，也帮助所有看到它的同学更高效地掌握这些知识点。

总体评价：一份“骨架”清晰、“血肉”丰满的好资料

你的分类非常科学：核心动词词组、介词短语、连接性词组、正式词组、易混淆词组、特殊结构——这几乎覆盖了自考英语（尤其是阅读理解、完形填空和写作）中80%以上的高频考点。例句的选择也贴近生活与考试场景，体现了“在语境中记忆”的正确学习理念。

温馨提醒：英语词组的学习，切忌“死记硬背”。你给出的例句就是最好的“语境锚点”。建议同学们在背诵时，闭上眼睛想象例句中的场景，比如“The bad weather accounts for the delay of the flight”，想象自己站在机场，听到广播说航班延误——这样，这个词组就“活”在了你的脑海里。

逐项审阅与专业补充（精确到每一个词组）

一、 核心动词词组（高频考点）

你的选择非常精准。这里我补充几点教学上的深化：

1. account for
你的例句很完美。补充一个写作中常用的变体：“account for the fact that...”（解释……的事实）。
例句：The manager had to account for the fact that sales had dropped sharply.（经理必须解释销售额急剧下降的原因。）

2. break down
除了你列出的释义，在学术写作中，它还常表示“（数据、信息）分类”。
例句：Let’s break down the budget into several categories.（我们把预算分解成几个类别吧。）

3. bring about
这个词组在议论文中非常有力。注意它通常不用于被动语态，除非是“be brought about by”。
例句：The reform was brought about by public pressure.（改革是由公众压力引起的。）

4. carry out
完美。补充一个近义词组：“implement”（实施），在正式写作中可替换使用。
例句：The plan was carried out successfully.（计划成功实施。）

5. come across
你提到了“被理解”，这是很棒的补充。在口语中更常用“come across as”表示“给人的印象是”。
例句：He came across as a very confident speaker.（他给人的印象是一个非常自信的演讲者。）

6. deal with
在学术语境中，它还可以表示“论述（某个主题）”。
例句：The next chapter deals with the causes of the war.（下一章论述战争的原因。）

7. get along with
同义替换：“get on with”（英式英语更常用）。
例句：Do you get on with your neighbours?（你和邻居相处得好吗？）

8. look into
正式写作中，可以用“investigate”或“probe into”。
例句：The committee will look into the matter thoroughly.（委员会将彻底调查此事。）

9. make up for
注意区分：“make up”（编造；化妆；组成）与“make up for”（弥补）。
例句：She made up a story to cover her mistake.（她编了个故事来掩盖错误。）
例句：Hard work can make up for lack of talent.（勤奋可以弥补天赋的不足。）

10. put off
你的例句很好。补充一个常见用法：“put sb off (doing) sth”（使某人不愿意做某事）。
例句：The bad weather put us off going hiking.（坏天气让我们不想去远足了。）

二、 介词短语与固定搭配（写作利器）

这部分是你资料中的亮点，介词短语是英语写作的“润滑剂”。

1. in addition to
注意：后面接名词或动名词。
例句：In addition to teaching, she also writes novels.（除了教学，她还写小说。）

2. on behalf of
在正式信函或演讲中非常常用。注意发音：/bɪˈhɑːf/。
例句：On behalf of the company, I would like to thank you for your service.（我代表公司感谢你的服务。）

3. by means of
这个词组比“by”更正式，常用于说明方法。
例句：The message was conveyed by means of a secret code.（信息通过密码传递。）

4. in terms of
这是写作中的“万能词组”，但要注意不要滥用。它常用于比较或限定范围。
例句：In terms of cost, this option is better.（就成本而言，这个选项更好。）

5. under no circumstances
你的倒装提示非常正确！这是自考语法的高频考点。
例句：Under no circumstances should you lend him money.（你绝不应该借钱给他。）
教学提醒：倒装结构是很多同学的难点。记住：否定词或短语放在句首时，主句要部分倒装（即助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前）。

6. at the expense of
这个词组带有负面含义，表示为了某事物而损害了另一事物。
例句：He pursued his career at the expense of his family life.（他以牺牲家庭生活为代价追求事业。）

7. in contrast to
同义替换：“by contrast”（相比之下），后者常单独使用，后面接句子。
例句：In contrast to his brother, he is very outgoing. By contrast, his brother is shy.（与他哥哥相比，他很外向。相比之下，他哥哥很害羞。）

8. on the verge of
这个词组表示“濒临某种状态”，后面常接名词或动名词。
例句：The country was on the verge of war.（这个国家濒临战争。）
例句：She was on the verge of crying.（她快要哭了。）

三、 连接性词组（衔接上下文的桥梁）

这部分是提升作文“连贯性”的关键。你的选择非常经典。

1. as a result
注意：它后面常接结果，前面要说明原因。也可以说“as a result of”（由于），后面接名词。
例句：He was late as a result of the traffic jam.（由于交通堵塞，他迟到了。）

2. in other words
这个词组用于重述或解释前文，让表达更清晰。
例句：He is a perfectionist. In other words, he never settles for mediocrity.（他是个完美主义者。换句话说，他从不甘于平庸。）——你的例句很棒！

3. on the contrary
注意：它用于完全否定前文，并给出相反观点。如果只是补充不同方面，用“in contrast”更合适。
例句：Some think it’s easy; on the contrary, it’s quite difficult.（有些人认为它容易；恰恰相反，它很难。）

4. in addition
这个词组用于补充信息，相当于“also”或“furthermore”。
例句：The house is spacious. In addition, it has a beautiful garden.（房子很宽敞。此外，它还有一个漂亮的花园。）

5. for instance
同义替换：“for example”，但“for instance”更正式一些。注意：后面通常接名词或句子。
例句：Many countries, for instance, Japan, have advanced technology.（许多国家，例如日本，拥有先进技术。）

6. no matter what / how / where
这是让步状语从句的经典结构。注意：“no matter + 疑问词” 可以替换为 “疑问词 + ever”（如whatever, however, wherever）。
例句：No matter what happens (= Whatever happens), I will support you.（无论发生什么，我都会支持你。）

7. not only… but also…
注意：当“not only”放在句首时，前一分句要倒装。
例句：Not only did

[本文内容由厦门撷墨教育AI生成，仅供参考]